Everything about Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory totally explained
Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory was the first company to work on silicon semiconductor devices in what came to be known as
Silicon Valley.
In 1956
William Shockley opened Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory as a division of
Beckman Instruments in
Mountain View; his plan was to develop a new type of "4-layer diode" that would work faster and have more uses than current transistors. At first he attempted to hire some of his former colleagues from
Bell Labs, but none were willing to move to the West Coast or work with Shockley again. Instead he founded the core of a new company in the best and brightest new graduates coming out of the engineering schools.
Shockley was domineering and displayed increasingly bizarre behavior. In one famous incident Shockley's
secretary accidentally cut her finger and he became convinced it was a plot against him. He then ordered everyone in the company to take a
lie detector test to track down the culprit. It was later demonstrated she'd cut herself on a broken thumbtack and Shockley calmed down, but the damage was already done.
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When Shockley decided his lab would no longer research silicon-based semiconductors, a group later widely known as the
Traitorous Eight decided to start their own company.
(External Link) The eight men were
Julius Blank,
Victor Grinich,
Jean Hoerni,
Eugene Kleiner,
Jay Last,
Gordon Moore,
Robert Noyce, and
Sheldon Roberts. Looking for funding on their own project, they turned to
Sherman Fairchild's
Fairchild Camera and Instrument, an Eastern U.S. company with considerable military contracts. In 1957,
Fairchild Semiconductor was started with plans on making
silicon transistors – at the time
germanium was still a common material for semiconductor use.
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